ntchito

Olimba PVC chitoliro, zovekera chitoliro mu mankhwala ambiri PVC, mu kachitidwe kukula mofulumira, ndi mowa waukulu wa mapaipi osiyanasiyana pulasitiki.Kudzera mabodza ndi kukwezeleza machubu PVC m'dziko lathu m'zaka zaposachedwa, makamaka thandizo la mfundo zogwirizana dziko, kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito machubu PVC wapanga chitukuko chachikulu, linanena bungwe PVC chubu wachititsa oposa 50% ya okwana. kupanga machubu apulasitiki, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri, mafakitale, zomangamanga, ulimi, etc.

1. Kukula kwa chitoliro cha PVC

1.1 Ubwino wa chitoliro cha PVC

Pakupanga utomoni wamba, kugwiritsa ntchito utomoni wa PVC ndikotsika kwambiri, mtengo wopangira ndiwotsika kwambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito ethylene pa tani ya PVC ku China ndi matani 0.5314, pomwe ma ethylene omwe amamwa tani imodzi ya polyethylene ndi matani 1.042.Kugwiritsa ntchito ethylene pa tani imodzi ya utomoni wa PVC ku China ndi pafupifupi 50% poyerekeza ndi polyethylene.Ndipo kupanga PVC ndi zopangira chlorine mpweya, ndi njira yofunika kulinganiza kupanga caustic koloko kubala chlorine mpweya, caustic koloko ndi zofunika kwambiri zopangira zofunika chuma dziko.Kuonjezera apo, kuchokera kuzinthu zapulasitiki, PVC ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana ndizogwirizana bwino, popanga mapaipi akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuzinthu zambiri zotsika mtengo, kuti mtengo wapangidwe ukhale wochepa kwambiri.

Poyerekeza ndi mipope zitsulo, PVC chitoliro kupanga pa kiyubiki mita PVC ndi kupanga pa kiyubiki mita zitsulo ndi zotayidwa mawerengedwe, mowa zitsulo mphamvu ndi 316KJ/m3, zotayidwa mphamvu mowa ndi 619KJ/m3, mowa PVC mphamvu ndi 70KJ/m3, ndiko kuti, zitsulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 4.5 nthawi ya PVC, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za aluminiyamu ndi nthawi 8.8 kuposa PVC.Kupanga PVC chitoliro processing mphamvu mowa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a yemweyo m'mimba mwake zitsulo chitoliro.Pa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa PVC chitoliro khoma ndi yosalala, palibe dzimbiri chotupa, mkulu kufala madzi dzuwa, ntchito kuikidwa magazi angapulumutse pafupifupi 20% ya magetsi.

PVC chitoliro ali katundu mawotchi wabwino, ndipo ali kwambiri dzimbiri kukana, kuwala kulemera m'kati ntchito, unsembe zosavuta, palibe kukonza, ndi ntchito zitsulo monga chitoliro pagulu zimbudzi, m'kati ntchito chifukwa cha dzimbiri zosavuta, ayenera nthawi zambiri. wokutidwa ndi utoto, mtengo wokwera wokonza.General yomanga ndi ntchito pagulu ndi mipope zitsulo ayenera m'malo kwa zaka pafupifupi 20, ndi udindo wa bwino kukonzedwa mapaipi PVC, moyo utumiki wa zaka 50, etc. Choncho, PVC chitoliro ndi wabwino pulasitiki mankhwala ndi mtengo otsika kupanga. , mphamvu yapamwamba komanso kukana dzimbiri.

Nthawi zambiri, pankhani ya zimbudzi, madzi onyansa ndi mapaipi olowera mpweya, mapaipi a PVC amapulumutsa pafupifupi 16-37% ya unsembe ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo;Mtengo wa chitoliro cha waya ndi 30-33% poyerekeza ndi waya wachitsulo.Ndipo udindo wa chlorinated polyvinyl kolorayidi (PVC) chitoliro mu madzi otentha ndi ozizira, poyerekeza ndi ntchito zofanana kukula mkuwa chitoliro ndalama ndalama 23-44%.Choncho, chifukwa cha ubwino wa chitoliro cha PVC, mayiko akupanga ndikulimbikitsa chitoliro cha PVC.

1.2 Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a PVC

Kuyambira m'ma 1980, DZIKO LATHU BWINO BWINO ZINTHU ZINTHU ZOSIYANA ZA PVC chitoliro EXTRUSION PRODUCTION Mzere woposa chikwi chimodzi, zomwe zinatuluka NGATI DALIAN SHIDE, ZHEJIANG YONGGAO, Shanghai TOMCHEN NDI ZINTHU ZINA ZAKULUAKULU PIPE.Pakali pano, pali oposa 600 UPVC (zolimba PVC) chitoliro ndi chitoliro zovekera zomera kupanga m'dziko lathu, ndi mphamvu okwana kupanga matani oposa 1.1 miliyoni/chaka, opanga oposa 30 ndi matani oposa 10,000/chaka kupanga sikelo. , ndi opanga opitilira 60 okhala ndi sikelo ya matani 0.5-10,000/chaka, zida zopangira chitoliro cha UPVC ndi zopangira zitoliro zimazindikirika m'nyumba.

M'DZIKO LATHU, PVC PIPE INAPANGIDWA KALE KUPOSA PIPE NDI PP PIPE, mitundu yambiri, magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ali ndi udindo wofunikira pamsika.Pofika kumapeto kwa 1999, panali mizere yopangira mapaipi apulasitiki opitilira 2000 ku China, pomwe zida zomwe zidatumizidwa zidakhala pafupifupi 15%.Mu 1999, mphamvu yopanga mitundu yonse ya machubu apulasitiki m'dziko lathu idaposa matani 1.65 miliyoni / chaka, kupanga kwenikweni kwa matani pafupifupi 1 miliyoni, ndi machubu a UPVC adapitilira 50%.

Kwa zaka zambiri, padziko lapansi PVC ntchito msika, zomangira msika monga waukulu, ndi kukwera mofulumira liwiro.M'ZAKA ZAPOsachedwa, ZOPHUNZITSIRA ZOPHUNZITSA ZA KU America ZINTHAWI ZONSE 60% YA ZONSE ZONSE ZONSE, Western Europe 62%, Japan 50%, gawo lathu ndi lochepera 30%, chipinda chokwera.Mu zinthu zomangira katundu, ndi chitoliro ndi mbiri makamaka, kuphatikizapo nyumba chitoliro madzi, ulimi ulimi wothirira chitoliro, chitoliro gasi, chitoliro mafuta, etc.

Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi a UPVC ku China kunayamba kukulirakulira mu nthawi ya Nayiti Yachisanu ndi chinayi, yomwe idapindula kwambiri ndi thandizo lamphamvu la boma komanso kumvetsetsa kwapaipi kwa UPVC.

Pakali pano, ntchito pulasitiki chitoliro wakhala kwambiri anayamba osati kuchuluka komanso mitundu ndi specifications.Mwachitsanzo, chitoliro cha UPVC chafika kupitilira 90% pakugwiritsa ntchito ngalande m'nyumba zina zamatawuni, ndipo mabizinesi ambiri a UPVC apeza zabwino m'zaka zaposachedwa.

M’NTHAWI YA MALANGIZO A ZAKA 10 ZAKA KHUMI, MAPAipi a UPVC NDI PLASTIC ANAGWIRITSIDWA NTCHITO KAKHALIDWE PA kulimbikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki, ndipo mapaipi ena atsopano apulasitiki anapangidwa mwamphamvu.Pofika chaka cha 2005, mu ntchito yomanga, kukonzanso ndi kukulitsa, 50% ya mipope yomanga ngalande pogwiritsa ntchito mipope ya pulasitiki, 20% ya mipope ya m'tawuni yogwiritsira ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki, 60% yamadzi omanga, madzi otentha ndi mapaipi otentha. pogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki, mipope yoperekera madzi m'tawuni (Dn400 pansipa) 50% yogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki, 60% yamipope yamadzi am'mudzi pogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki, 50% yamapaipi agasi am'tawuni (mapaipi apakatikati ndi otsika) amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apulasitiki, ndipo 80% pomanga waya ulusi chitsamba ntchito mapaipi pulasitiki.Akuti kufunikira kwa machubu apulasitiki mu 2005 ndi matani opitilira 2 miliyoni, ambiri mwa machubu a PVC.

M'dziko lotukuka, kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro cha PVC nthawi zambiri kumakhala 70-80% ya msika wa chitoliro cha pulasitiki, pomwe chitoliro cha PVC m'dziko lathu chimangotengera pafupifupi 50% ya kuchuluka kwa chitoliro cha pulasitiki, kukula kwa chitoliro cha PVC m'dziko lathu. ndi zazikulu kwambiri.Kuchuluka kwa mipope ya PVC m'mayiko otukuka ndi: mipope yoperekera madzi ndi 33%, mipope yamadzi pansi imakhala 22.3%, mipope yachimbudzi imakhala 15.7%, mipope yothirira ndi 5.2%, mipope ya gasi ndi 0,8%, mapaipi ena. ndi 22.7%.Chiŵerengero cha magwiritsidwe a chitoliro ndi chitoliro ndi pafupifupi 1: 8.

Pamsika womanga, pali mitundu iwiri ya mapaipi a PVC omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito: imodzi ndi chitoliro chosagwira ntchito, ina ndi chitoliro chopanda kukakamiza.Chitoliro chachitsulo chotayira ndi chitoliro chamkuwa chomwe chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngati zida zomangira zosagwira ntchito sizimawonongeka kwambiri, komanso zimafunikira kukonzedwa pafupipafupi komanso kusinthidwa, ndi mtengo wokwera.Nyumba zakunja tsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi chitoliro chamadzi, chitoliro chamadzi otentha chimagwiritsa ntchito chitoliro cha PVC.Chitoliro chaching'ono cha PVC (chitoliro cha UPVC, chitoliro cha CPVC) chili ndi zabwino zake zotsika mtengo, kukana dzimbiri, ndipo palibe chifukwa chokonzekera ndikusintha pafupipafupi.Ndipo lalikulu caliber PVC kuthamanga chitoliro (m'mimba mwake mu 100-900mm) m'malo chitsulo chitoliro, kuonjezera yaing'ono matope chitoliro, madzi dongosolo fluidity, kukana dzimbiri, otsika kulemera.Kupulumutsa magetsi, madzi abwino.Ndipo PVC pachimake wosanjikiza thovu kuthamanga ufulu chitoliro monga m'nyumba chitoliro madzi ndi madzi mvula dongosolo chitoliro, angathe kuthetsa vuto phokoso la m'nyumba chitoliro madzi.Chitoliro cha chimbudzi chogwiritsira ntchito chimapangidwa ndi chitoliro cha PVC chosakanizidwa, chomwe sichimawononga komanso sichimawonongeka ndi hydrogen sulfide, chimakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki, kulemera kwake, mtengo wotsika mtengo, kugwirizanitsa ndi kusindikiza kosavuta, ndipo sikophweka kuswa.Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito yomanga chitoliro cha chitoliro ndi chitoliro chapansi panthaka ndi msika wina wa mapaipi a PVC, pakali pano mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China ndi chitoliro chokulirapo chachindunji, chitoliro chapawiri komanso mivuto imodzi.

Chitoliro chaulimi ndi gawo linanso lalikulu la kugwiritsa ntchito PVC.Dziko lathu ndi losowa, pakali pano, minda yathu yambiri ikugwiritsabe ntchito ulimi wothirira ngalande, kutaya madzi ndizovuta kwambiri.Ndipo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi, minda yambiri imakhala yosathirira bwino, ndipo zokolola zimakhala zochepa.Ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro cha PVC cha ulimi wothirira kumatha kupulumutsa madzi pafupifupi 50%.Kugwiritsa ntchito PVC yokhazikika kapena yokhazikika yolima ulimi wothirira, sikungopulumutsa madzi, komanso kutha kuwongolera zotulutsa, zida za dzimbiri ndi zabwino zina, kupulumutsa kwambiri mtengo wa ulimi wothirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.Pakali pano, dziko lathu silinakwaniritsidwe chigawo wathunthu kwenikweni chitoliro ulimi wothirira, ambiri a dziko akadali alibe kumvetsa mfundo za ulimi wothirira chitoliro, Choncho, kuonjezera kulengeza ndi kulimbikitsa PVC chitoliro ulimi wothirira m'madera akumidzi, kuthekera kwake ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. .

1.3 PVC mapaipi ambiri ntchito China

UPVC chubu: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri chubu la UPVC ndi ntchito yomanga.Pakali pano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu dongosolo la chitoliro cha madzi ndi chitoliro cha madzi okhala m'madera osiyanasiyana ndi mizinda m'dziko lonselo.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chitoliro chokhetsa, chitoliro chamvula ndi chitoliro cha ulusi pamakampani omanga.Chubu cha UPV chili ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri, kuzimitsa ndi moto wozimitsa moto, kukana kuumbidwa bwino, khoma losalala lamkati, ntchito yabwino yamagetsi, koma kulimba kwa chubu cha UPVC ndikochepa, kokwanira kokulirapo kwa mzere ndi kwakukulu, kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kocheperako.Kukula kwa chitoliro cha UPVC kuli ndi phindu lodziwikiratu.Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro cha UPVC kumapulumutsa mphamvu 55-68% kuposa chitoliro chachitsulo choponyedwa, kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chamadzi cha UPVC kupulumutsa mphamvu 62-75% kuposa chitoliro chamalata, ndipo mtengo wautali wamtundu womwewo ndi 1 yokha. / 2 ya chitoliro cha malata, ndipo mtengo woyika ndi 70% wotsika kuposa chitoliro chamalata.Kugwiritsa ntchito 1 tani ya chitoliro chamadzi cha UPVC kumatha kusintha matani 12 a chitoliro chachitsulo.Toni imodzi ya mvuvu ya UPVC imatha kupulumutsa matani 25 achitsulo.

Kore thovu chubu: Kore wosanjikiza thovu chitoliro ndi atatu wosanjikiza, okwana extrusion ndondomeko kupanga mkati ndi kunja awiri wosanjikiza ndi chimodzimodzi monga wamba UPVC chitoliro, pakati ndi kachulukidwe wachibale ndi 0,7 0,9 otsika thobvu wosanjikiza watsopano mtundu wa chitoliro, mphete kwa okhwima ndi 8 nthawi wamba UPVC chitoliro, ndi kutentha amasintha pamene mapazi ndi bata wabwino, kutchinjiriza wabwino matenthedwe, makamaka thovu pachimake wosanjikiza akhoza kudula kufala phokoso, More oyenera mkulu-nyamuka. kumanga ngalande dongosolo.

Poyerekeza ndi chubu cholimba cha khoma, chubu cha thovu chosanjikiza chimatha kupulumutsa zoposa 25% zopangira, ndipo luso lamkati lamakhoma limakhala bwino kwambiri.Ndipo mu khoma lamkati ndi angapo otukukira otukukira mizere ozungulira pachimake wosanjikiza thovu silking chitoliro, madzi otaya pa khoma lamkati la chitoliro momasuka ndi mosalekeza mu ozungulira mawonekedwe, kupanga ndime mpweya pakati pa kuda chitoliro, kotero. kuti kuthamanga kwa chitoliro kumachepetsedwa ndi 10%, mphamvu yowonjezera imachulukitsidwa ndi nthawi 10, kusamutsidwa kumawonjezeka ka 6, phokoso ndi 30-40dB pansi kuposa chitoliro cha UPVC chakuda.

PVC RADIAL REINFORCED chitoliro: Kupanga kwa chitolirochi kumatenga nkhungu yapadera ndikupanga chipangizo chotsatira, chomwe ndi mtundu wa chitoliro cholemera kwambiri cha nthiti zagalasi zolimba kwambiri.Khoma lakunja la chitoliro lili ndi ma radial reinforcement, omwe amatha kusintha kwambiri kuuma ndi kulimba kwa mphete ya chitoliro, makamaka yoyenera kuthira mu engineering ya tauni.

Mivulo yapakhoma iwiri: Mivuto iwiri yamakhoma amapangidwa potulutsa machubu awiri okhazikika nthawi imodzi, ndiyeno kuwotcherera chubu chakunja cha mvuvucho pachubu chamkuwa chokhala ndi khoma losalala lamkati.Ndi khoma losalala lamkati ndi khoma lakunja lamalata, kulemera kopepuka ndi mphamvu yayikulu, poyerekeza ndi chitoliro wamba cha UPVC chingapulumutse 40-60% ya zida zopangira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitoliro cholumikizira chingwe, chitoliro chotulutsa zomanga ndi chitoliro chaulimi.

PVC PERMEable analimbitsa chitoliro: mkati ndi kunja zigawo ziwiri za pulasitiki extrusion akamaumba ndi zopangidwa CHIKWANGWANI kupanga sandwiched pakati, kusinthasintha wabwino, kupinda.PVC mandala chitoliro ali wabwino kukana asidi, kukana alkali, kukana mafuta, kukana kukalamba, akhoza m'malo chitoliro labala, ndipo mtengo ndi wotchipa.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha nayitrogeni, mpweya, mpweya wa monoxide ndi mpweya wina ndi madzi, kusungunula zamchere, mafuta ndi zoyendera zamadzimadzi, zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chotenthetsera madzi, sprayer, mpweya wophika.

Chitoliro cha CPVC: Chitoliro cha CPVC ndi mtundu wa chitoliro cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi kukana bwino kwa kutentha, chomwe chimakonzedwa ndi chlorinated polyvinyl chloride yomwe ili ndi chlorine yoposa 66%.Kutentha kwamafuta a chubu cha CPVC ndikokwera kuposa 30 ℃ kuposa kwa chubu la UPVC, ndipo kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe kumawongolera, ndipo kukula kwa mzere kumachepetsedwa.Chubu cha CPVC chimakhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kukalamba komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, ndipo sichimapunduka m'madzi otentha.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula madzi otentha, zakumwa zosawononga dzimbiri komanso mpweya.Domestic Yunnan Dian-huai Science and Technology Development Co., LTD imapanga mapaipi a CPVC.