Olyvinyl chloride, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti PVC, ndiyo polima yachitatu yomwe imapangidwa kwambiri ndi polyethylene ndi polypropylene.PVC ndi gawo la unyolo wa vinyls, womwe ulinso ndi EDC ndi VCM.PVC utomoni makalasi angagwiritsidwe ntchito okhwima ndi kusintha ntchito;rigid nthawi zonse ndi wogula wamkulu, koma mbali ziwirizo zimakhala zogwirizana kwambiri.Zambiri za PVC zolimba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga mapaipi ndi zida monga chitoliro cha drain-waste-vent (DWV), sewero, paipi yamadzi, ngalande (yamagetsi, matelefoni), ndi mapaipi amthirira.Magiredi olimba a PVC alinso m'misika yomanga ndi nyumba zopangira mbiri monga zitseko, mafelemu azenera, mipanda, kuyika, matailosi apamwamba a vinilu.Gawo laling'ono kwambiri la PVC lolimba limapangidwira mabotolo, zopaka zina zopanda chakudya, ndi makhadi a ngongole.PVC utomoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha ntchito ndi Kuwonjezera plasticizers.Mu mawonekedwe awa, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito muzitsulo za waya ndi zingwe, zikopa zofananira, zikwangwani, zinthu zomwe zimatha kupukutidwa, zingwe zofolera, ndi ntchito zambiri zomwe zimalowetsa mphira.Ubwino wosunthikawu, komanso zikhumbo monga kulimba, kusayaka, kukana mankhwala ndi mafuta, kukhazikika kwamakina, komanso kumasuka kwa kukonza ndi kuumba, zikuwonetsa kuti PVC imakhalabe yopikisana komanso yowoneka bwino pamagwiritsidwe ambiri pakumanga ndi zomangamanga, ulimi, zinthu zamagetsi. , ndi mafakitale azaumoyo.Chifukwa chake, PVC ikhalabe yayikulu thermoplastic pakapita nthawi.
Popeza makampani omangamanga amatenga gawo lalikulu pamsika wa PVC, kufunikira kwa PVC kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa GDP padziko lonse lapansi komanso chitukuko chachuma.Kugwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu kwa PVC nthawi zambiri kumakhazikika m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene ku Asia, monga China, India, Pakistan, Vietnam, ndi Indonesia.Madalaivala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi PVC m'malo ofunikira kwambiri akuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ndale zokhazikika zomwe zimafunikirabe ndalama zambiri pazomangamanga.Chinanso ndi kukula ndi siteji ya chitukuko cha ulimi wa dziko lino.India, mwachitsanzo, imafuna machitidwe ofunikira kuthirira minda yake, ili ndi kufunikira kwakukulu, kokhazikika kwa mapaipi ndi zomangira za PVC.Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwachuma kumakhala kochepa m'maboma otukuka chifukwa nyumba ndi zomangamanga zakhazikitsidwa kale.
Tchati chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa PVC padziko lonse lapansi:
Makampani a vinyls ndi gawo lokhwima lomwe lili ndi mbiri yakale.Tekinoloje, kuchuluka kwa kupanga, malo ozungulira chilengedwe, ndi mtengo, zasintha pakapita nthawi ndikukweza chitetezo ndi mtundu wazinthu.Ukadaulo waukadaulo ukupitilira kuchitika ndipo umayang'ana kwambiri kupikisana kwamitengo, popeza kupanga vinyl ndi bizinesi yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo opanga ayenera kukhala opikisana m'magawo awo komanso padziko lonse lapansi.
Kupanga kwa PVC nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku ethylene feedstock, kupatula ku China, komwe acetylene feedstock imalamulira.Mu ndondomeko ya ethylene, EDC imapangidwa ndi chlorination mwachindunji kuchokera ku chlorine ndi ethylene.Pambuyo pake, imasweka kuti ipange VCM.Kupanga kwa VCM kumapangitsanso kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala a hydrogen chloride, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwanso kuti apange EDC yambiri ndi oxychlorination ndi ethylene yowonjezera.VCM ndiye polymerized kupanga PVC.Mu njira ya acetylene, komabe, palibe sitepe ya EDC yomwe ikukhudzidwa;m'malo mwake, VCM imapangidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku acetylene.Mainland China tsopano ndiyo msika wokhawo wokhala ndi zida zazikulu za PVC za acetylene;komabe, chifukwa cha kukula kwa mafakitale aku China, njira ya acetylene idakali ndi gawo lalikulu la mphamvu zonse zapadziko lonse lapansi za PVC.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-07-2022